Juvenile crime: legal regulation and prevention in the Russian Empire (mid-XIX - early XX centuries)

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The article examines the main trends in the development of state policy in the Russian Empire regarding juvenile offenders, taking into account two interrelated aspects: establishing the specifics of criminal liability for committing socially dangerous acts and preventing juvenile delinquency. It is noted that the specifics regarding minors are observed in ancient legal acts, however, targeted regulation of these issues began only in the 18th century, and the systemic nature began to be reflected in the Code of Criminal and Correctional Punishments of 1845 and subsequent legal acts, and later educational and correctional institutions were established for serving sentences by juvenile offenders, with public organizations taking an active part in this. The above and other decisions in this area in the period under review (mid-19th - early 20th centuries) should be assessed positively. However, these measures, belatedly borrowed from developed countries, still lagged behind the needs of the harsh Russian reality, where there were many reasons pushing minors to commit crimes. In general, during the monarchical period in Russia, the institution of crime prevention among minors never became an independent direction of domestic state policy.

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Russian empire, crime and punishment, minors, responsibility, code, prevention of offenses

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/170210118

IDR: 170210118   |   DOI: 10.24412/2500-1000-2025-3-2-347-353

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