Causes and stages of muhajirism of Northern Kavkaz highlanders in the second half of XIX century

The article is devoted to the forced eviction and forced migration (muhajirstvo) of mountaineers of the North Caucasus in the second half of the XIX Century. to the territory of the Ottoman Empire, which led to a significant change in the ethno political map of the North Caucasus and caused damage to the gene pool of entire peoples.