Methods for forming historical concepts in schoolchildren from the perspective of Gora's scientific and methodological school

He formation of historical concepts in the minds of learners is an important pedagogical problem, from this perspective Gora’s scientific and methodological school offers its solution. The article presents an approach of the scientific and methodological school to the process of formation of historical concepts in schoolchildren developed by P. V. Gora and his students. We have considered the possibility of applying the methodological developments of the scientific school in the field of forming historical concepts at the present stage of development of history teaching methodology. The article focuses on the need to develop dialectical thinking in students in the process of forming historical concepts that are complex in their content. We give scientific credence of the stage-by-stage study of long-term historical phenomena, which should be divided into relatively complete parts. Gradually grasping complex historical knowledge, students form in their minds a holistic historical picture of the world. We have revealed the expediency of using formal logic to form logical concepts in the field of cognition of individual facts and phenomena, considered the ways of identifying new qualities of a historical phenomenon in the course of comparing historical concepts. P. V. Gora’s studies are developed in the works of his students, who wider approach the problem of the forming historical concepts.