Omics-technologies to analyze individual bovine oocytes for identification of developmental oocyte competence biomarkers

Oocyte quality is a capacity to be fertilized and to develop into viable embryo and this is crucial for reproductive biotechnologies in farm animals. Technical progress and possible miniaturization of «omics» technologies made possible application of transcriptomic, proteomic and lipidomic methodologies to single oocyte, and thus to search molecular factors representing possible markers of oocyte quality. Oocyte quality is determined by its follicular environment and affects transcript, protein and lipid composition of an oocyte, which has to progress through maturation - a final step before fertilization, crucial for the acquisition of oocyte developmental competence. Here we describe the examples of «omics» analysis performed on single bovine oocytes and their neighboring cumulus cells through the comparison of the oocytes with different competence to maturate and to develop blastocyst in vitro. In particular, we focus to original technologies of proteomics and lipidomics based on mass spectrometry phenotyping of intact cells and identification of molecular biomarkers