The use of internet of things technology in precision farming

The Internet of Things technology is one of the key technologies at the present stage of human development – the fourth industrial revolution. The article analyzes the scenarios of application of this technology in one of the sectors of agricultural production – "precision farming". For successful "precision farming", constant monitoring of many parameters is necessary: the nutrient composition of the soil, humidity, acidity, and some others. It is also necessary to monitor the condition of seedlings after sowing, their development, contamination, and exposure to pests. At the same time, environmental parameters must be monitored: air temperature, humidity, etc. After processing an array of data from measuring transducers and a database on soil fertility in fields, it is possible to make more reasonable management decisions on the timing of planting, fertilization, application of herbicides, insecticides, etc. The most prepared sector of precision agriculture for the use of IoT is the cultivation of vegetables in protected soil. A smart greenhouse is considered as a cyber-physical system, the architecture of which can be represented as the following levels: peripheral (sensor layer); network (data transmission layer); platform and analytics layer (cloud layer) and the level of executive mechanisms. The implementation of IoT solutions makes it possible to optimize key production processes in the greenhouse: microclimate management; precision fertigation system; phytosanitary monitoring. In addition, in such a system, it is possible to automate the harvesting process using robots, if not for all crops grown, then for some, for example, tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and some others. Keywords: Internet of Things, precision agriculture, smart greenhouse, microclimate, precision fertigation system, phytosanitary monitoring.