The problem of the early roman Galilee as a cultural and political context of proclamation of Jesus (according to the European historiography of 19–20 centuries)

The article deals with positions of some European scholars of 19–20 centuries concerning ethnic, religious and political situation in early Roman Galilee considered as a necessary historical context for interpretation of stories of the Galilean ministry of Jesus. Romantic approach gives place to historical-critical method of consideration of Galilean context in works of some scholars of the «history of religions school» and ideologically committed works during the Nazi regime in Germany, who considered the Early roman Galilee as a strong Hellenized land with mixed population (W. Bauer, W. Grundmann). An alternative view on the issues represented in articles of biblical scholar A. Alt, who concluded that Galilee of this period was the area with mainly Jewish population, keeping the old Israelite traditions.