Problem domain of urban genesis Golden Horde in the interpretation H. A. Fedorov-Davydov

Historical and archaeological researches of Golden Horde cities in the Lower Volga region related to the activities of Herman Alekseevich Fedorov-Davydov – Professor of Moscow State University, the organizer and chief of the Volga archaeological expedition. Scale archaeological researches of Golden Horde ancient settlements of the Lower Volga region laid a firm foundation the Golden Horde urban archeology. H. A. Fedorov-Davydov developed main directions archaeological studies of the Golden Horde cities and allowed to stand in the review of many aspects of historiography biased about this state. The efforts of the Volga region archaeological expedition investigated the Golden Horde dwellings, mosques, madrassas and baths, water supply systems, burial complexes. Considerable attention is paid to the Golden Horde craft. In the theoretical plan merit of H. A. Fedorov-Davydov is to consider and explanation of the genesis of the Golden Horde cities. Scientist showed that the heyday of urban life falls on the moment of rigid centralization of the state and a strong Khan's power. As soon as she was not able to promote and support the craft and commerce, urban life fell into decay.