The problem of property in the works of Thomas Aquinas

This paper examines the doctrine of Thomas Aquinas about property relations, which is considered to be an important part of his religious and philosophical system. The study presents a detailed analysis of the philosophical and legal substantiation of property in the works of a medieval philosopher, based on the indirect connection between private property and the establishment of natural law; the problem of equal distribution of property associated with the need to meet the natural needs of each person is investigated. As the result of the study, the conclusions are presented that the concept of Thomas Aquinas about property relations was based not only on the desire to resolve the contradiction between the social ideal of early Christianity and the existing social order in which property relations were present, but was an attempt to overcome two opposing positions that had originally developed in Christian philosophy.