The problem of time in Russian philosophy in the first half of the 20th century

The paper briefly encounters the main interpretations of time in the first half of the 20th century in the history of Russian philosophy. The paper notes the interconnection of time conceptions and recent developments in physics, biology, psychology and other areas of science. As well as that, there is the note on the main approaches to studying time, their brief description and the list of the central philosophers' papers. The different renderings of the «time» concept are presented, along with the context analysis of its usage in various time theories of the given period. The papers also contemplates the science-philosophical, religious-mystical and cultural schools. The article also presents the key aspects of Uhtomskiy and Bakhtin theory of chronotope and further shows time as the «fourth coordinate» (P. Florenskiy), as the «shape of events» (N. Losskiy), and «matter attribute» (V. Lenin). As well as that, the paper depicts the temporal triad by N. Berdyaev and «intelligent time» by V. Muravyov. The history of the chronotope term is deduced, as well as its change by various thinkers and integration in literary writings. The special attention is given to time understanding in Russian cosmism of the same period. This determination is represented by the works of V. Muravyov, the adherent of N. Fedorov, who unified the natural-science and religious-mystical cosmism.