Problems of forming logistics systems in plant products trade

The paper deals with the problems of improving the efficiency of the functioning of logistics systems in the trade in fresh crop products, including their collection, primary and final processing, storage and delivery to customers. To solve these problems, we made an attempt to formulate and describe the scheme of the optimal distribution channel for such specific products, taking into account a complex of external and internal factors that directly or indirectly affect the functioning of the distribution. Particular attention was paid to building efficient and reliable product supply chains based on the integrated use of modern methods of transport, production and warehouse logistics. The typical problems that arise at each stage of the distribution of goods are studied, and possible ways to solve or prevent them are outlined. Since the central place in the proposed logistics system is occupied by the warehouse complex, it is given the main place. The specificity of fresh crop products involves the use of a special approach to the organization of logistics schemes, combining the speed of delivery with special conditions for the transportation and transshipment of products. In particular, the problems associated with the possibility of complex processing of substandard and partially damaged products, the choice of the optimal mode of storage and delivery of products to customers were analyzed. Proposals were formulated on the use of merchandising methods in retail trade, which contribute to increasing the efficiency of sales of crop products at the final stage of movement from the field to the table of the end customer.