Problems of efficiency of Russian oil and gas sector

Based on the analysis of scientific papers, statistical and analytical data the authors characterize the state of modern aspects of the oil and gas sector of the Russian Federation. It was revealed that at present the Russia, having large reserves of natural gas and oil is constantly increasing the volume of production, realizing at the same time to a greater extent the raw materials rather than processed products. Moreover, the very extraction of natural resources, raw domestic companies is a costly, not only due to the complexities of Russian climatic conditions, but also a low level of technological development and depreciation of fixed assets of enterprises of the Russian oil and gas complex. A comparison of features of realization of innovative activity of domestic and foreign companies from the sector of production of gas and oil and processing of natural resources has revealed a strong backlog of Russian energy producers from Western on a number of parameters, which poses a significant threat to the economic security of the country. On the basis of the estimate of investment costs for R&D carried out by the Russian oil and gas companies revealed a clear imbalance in the structure, signaling that in the forecast period, as well as now, these enterprises attaches great importance to the development trends of production and sales of crude product to the detriment of the development of processing technologies. These features of functioning and directions of innovative development of the industry signalize of the fact that in the present and the future its growth can have mainly extensive type. This trend in conditions of emerging globalization and increased competition in the oil and gas market may lead to a deterioration of the position of Russia, which is gradually transformed into a supplier of raw materials only, while other countries, companies are busy processing niche products. To prevent this, the prospects for Russian oil and gas companies today need to seriously reconsider the direction of its development and to formulate a common strategy for the development of the industry intensive type, focused on the growth of its efficiency and competitiveness.