Longitudinal waves in 5D Absolute Parallelism and relativistically expanding brane cosmology

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The standard 4D-cosmology within general relativity is by no means an «island» solution satisfying trivial boundary conditions; with negative or zero spatial curvature, the number of galaxies is infinite, which is rather unphysical. A five-dimensional cosmology is proposed, the Universe-on-a-brane, arising in an exceptional variant of Absolute Parallelism (AP). This exceptional equation (EE), of the second order, of the frame field haμ, does not admit, apparently, singularities of solutions if D=5. The EE’s compatibility, regularity of its highest derivatives, breaks (unlike other cases, including the GR vacuum equation), when haμ (and the co-metric) becomes one-degenerate. EE has no exact conservation laws, but there is a covariantly conserved stress-energy tensor, as well as O4-symmetric solutions looking as a longitudinal wave going along the radius, in which, as in a shallow optical waveguide (or a thick brane), shorter almost tangential waves can be held, as well as quasi-particles – nonlinear field configurations, carrying a topological charge and/or quasi-charge (‘or’ for bosons). Brane thickness (in the co-moving system; L∼3−5 kau) sets the distance where attraction ∼1/r2 is replaced by the slower law 1/r. The brane velocity is slightly less than 1 (c=1) because the brane holds energy-carrying waves – three of the 15 polarizations; others, including three growing, linearly unstable polarizations responsible for nonlinearities and quasi-particles, do not carry energy. Motion of massive bodies and massless photons in such a relativistically expanding brane is briefly considered, as well as possible manifestations of non-linear off-brane «actors». A tabletop experiment (an oscillating pendulum, spherical capacitor, ...) and an electro-gravitational effect are briefly discussed which are able to confirm the existence of longitudinal waves directly changing the metric and Ricci tensor.

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Teleparallelism, longitudinal polarization, Brane cosmology, electro-gravity effect

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/142245861

IDR: 142245861   |   УДК: 530.12, 524.834, 53.043   |   DOI: 10.17238/issn2226-8812.2025.2.40-51