The duration of productive use and the reasons for the disposal of cows

In Russia, the Black-and-White and Holstein breeds occupy a leading position in terms of numbers among the breeds of dairy productivity. In this regard, we were tasked to study the duration of productive use of cows and the reasons for their disposal. The study was carried out on cows of the black-and-white Holstein breed of JSC "Konstantinovo" of the Penza region. The main material was the data of zootechnical, breeding accounting of animals for the period from 2015 to 2020. Breeding cards of cows (form 2-MOL), data of consolidated bonus statements (form 7-MOL) and other documentation were used. The total livestock is 100 heads. 4 groups of 25 heads were formed depending on their linear affiliation, such indicators as the number of milking days, milk yield for the entire lactation, the average percentage of fat, the amount of milk fat were evaluated and the reasons for the disposal of cows in the farm were identified. The formation of experimental groups was carried out by the method of analogues. Biometric data analysis was carried out on the basis of generally accepted methods of variational statistics. Statistical data processing was carried out on a personal computer using the Excel program. According to the research results, it was found that the highest indicator of productive use of cows was observed in the first group of the Siling Trijun Rokit line and averaged 4.8 lactations. It is important to note that this group of cows had a high level of lifelong milk productivity, its indicator was 24836.96 kg. The main reasons for the retirement of cows were diseases of the reproductive organs, limbs and accidents.