Productivity of introduced covered grape cultivars in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region

Study of new cultivars is a nesessary element for the cultivation of grapes in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region. It is associated with soil and climatic conditions of the region. The study of grape cultivars was carried out in 2016-2021 on the basis of the educational-scientific-industrial laboratory Sadovodstvo of the Omsk State Agrarian University educational and experimental farm. The object of research was the introduced grape cultivars Aiste, Juodupe, Sheshupe, Gailyune, Shirvindta (a multipurpose cultivar breeded in the Baltic region), Dyurif (an old French cultivar used for vine), Sprinter (a table grape cultivar of amateur breeding). As the results of studies showed, on average, on the shoots of cultivars there were from 26.8 (Gailyune cultivar) to 76.2 bunches. One of the important indicators that determines productivity and marketability is the bunch mass. Thus, the maximum bunch mass was observed in Gailyune cultivar (213.5 g), the minimum in Aiste cultivar (64.2 g). By bunch mass, one can also distinguish the Shirvindta (205.7 g) and Dyurif cultivars (202.9 g), the other cultivars had bunch mass of 124.2-140.3 g. The productivity of plantings depended on the coefficients of fruit-bearing and fruiting. There was an important change in these indicators during the research period which characterized the introduced cultivars adaptive potential. The conducted studies showed that in cultivars Gailune, Dyurif, Shirvindta and Shushupe, the fruit-bearing coefficient ranged from 2.1 to 2.9, the fruiting coefficient ranged from 1.3 to 1.9. The productivity of a bush was from 2.52 (Aiste) to 8.35 (Shirvindta) kg/bush. The conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region are well suited for the cultivation of introduced cultivars and can be recommended for amateur viticulture. Aiste cultivar is not recommended for cultivation in the conditions of the region due to its low productivity (small cluster mass) and disease susceptibility.