Professional self determination of the students of NArFU named after M. V. Lomonosov

More than three years ago in the Arkhangelsk region in accordance with the presidential decree of 21 October 2009, was created the Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Strategic aim of NArFU is to provide the innovative scientific and human support, the protection of geopolitical and economic interests of Russia in the Arctic through a system of continuing professional education, the integration of education, science and industry, and strategic partnership with the business community [8]. In this regard, the university departments were established in the institutions opened new specialties, there have been other changes.

One of the most pressing problems today is that the applicant, who decided to go to the university found many difficulties. This lack of the understanding of what constitutes this or that profession, what is the need for it and that it is directed. As a result, institutions of higher education receive applicants with the professional unformed ideas, resulting in a sometimes frustrating in choosing a career, quick professional burnout, and many other negative phenomena.

The problem of the professional representation in recent years become more and more important, it has received increasing attention in the study of the different directions. In the domestic science formation of the professional representations of the students in the educational area are reflected in the works of E. A. Smirnova [6, 2003], G. S. Pomaz [4, 2006], E. Y. Eliseeva [1, 2011] and others. In light of these changes is evident problem of professional identity of students.

The study of the process involved Pomazkova J. S. (2011), O. V. Zinnurova (2011), N. A. Tsvetkova (2005), E. V. Lobova (2006).

Under the professional self-determination, we will understand the process of formation of the personality of its relationship to the professional working environment and the way to selfrealization. One of the components of the professional self is a professional presentation. Professional presentation is a complex dynamic in psychology, structural components of which are: understanding of the profession and professional identity, self-image as a future professional, understanding of the possible professional future.

In this work, we try to examine the professional opinions of the students of NArFU derived from the survey ‘Student NArFU: the vector of changes’. Answers to the question ‘why did you decide to go to this institution? ' we considered from two points of view. From a gender perspective: more than half of men (60.8 %) and girls (57.3 %) said that ‘chose this institution’. However, most of them are trained on a budgetary basis (62.5 %).

More independent selection distinguished students of the Institute of Physical Culture, Sport and Health – 86.7 %, of the Institute of Oil and Gas – 85.2 %, and the Institute of Management and regionology – 75.9 %, Law Institute – 75.9 %. In our view, this can be explained by the fact that the students of these institutions approach the professional choice to become more aware, because they require training in the certain instincts and abilities.

Parents' opinions into account when selecting the institute 11.5 % of girls and 7.6 % of boys. This suggests that girls are more dependent on the opinion of the elders. The opinions and advice of parents listen more students of the Institute of Economics (32.1 %) and the Institute of Law (17.2 %). This phenomenon can be explained by family traditions.

However, often when going to the college students are not guided by the professional views, desires, priorities, and the chance to get an education at the university on a budgetary basis.

На To the question ‘do not have hesitations about the chosen institution? ' two-thirds of male representatives have answered, ‘No, not there’, and a third of women have doubts about the correctness of the professional choice. After analyzing the students’ responses on institutions, we came to the following conclusion. Happy with the choice – the students of the Institute of Physical Culture, Sport and Health (83.3 %), the Institute of Engineering and Architecture (78.6 %), Institute of Law (75.9 %), the Institute of Economics (71.4 %), Institute of Oil and gas (70.4 %). There are doubts about the selected institution in Forestry Students (43.3 %), the Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication (40 %) and others.

The research revealed the importance of the future profession students of the various institutions. We addressed this question in two ways: in the terms of ideas about future career of the students enrolled in the institutions in the humanities and technology classes, and depending on the course.

The students with a humanitarian aim training noted the following significant moments in the future work: the profession should have an interesting creative nature of the work, meet the abilities, skills. In the profession should be possible to more fully realize its potential, also benefit the people, to achieve recognition and respect.

The students with technical background note the following important points in the future profession. Profession, in their view, must comply with the means and ability to have a relationship with the modern equipment and technology, benefits people, the possibility to obtain high incomes, a high position, and have a high status in the society.

After analyzing the responses of the students from different courses (2, 3, 4 courses), we identified a number of these trends. First, the positive trend from course to course students showed the following views about the profession: independence, independence, (2 year – 15.2 %, 3 year – 18.9 %, 4 year – 21.3 %), the ability to more fully realize their potential (2 year – 21.2 %, 3 year – 25.0 %, 4 year – 26.4 %), the ability to achieve recognition and respect (2 year – 12.1 %, 3 year – 15.2 %, 4 rate – 17.2 %). This suggests that students in training receive the necessary knowledge and skills that form the confidence and help them in their future career successes, to become independent and respected people in the society.

Small shifts in the professional representations of the students are found in the following areas: communication with the modern technique and technology (2nd year – 15.2 %, 3 year – 18.9 %, 4 year – 10.9 %), the ability to benefit people (2nd year – 24.2 %, 3 year – 30.5 %, 4 year – 28.7 %), the ability to make high profits (2nd year – 54.5 %, 3 year – 41.5 %, 4 year – 48.3 %). This can be explained by the fact that students from the different institutions in the third year come to the industrial practice, where he was directly acquainted with their future professional activities, so their professional representation of change and become more realistic.

Negative trend of the development of the professional representations of the students from the different institutions of NArFU have criteria such as creative and interesting nature of the work (2nd year – 59.1 %, 3 year – 39.6 %, 4 year – 39.5 %), ‘according to my abilities profession and skills’ (2nd year – 37.9 %, 3 year – 34.8 %, 4 year – 30.5 %), the ability to take a high position, have the power (2 year – 13.6 %, 3 year – 10, 4 %, 4 year – 5.7 %). This trend can be explained by the fact that you go to university, most students have a vague idea of the future careers and op- portunities in his career. Therefore, to get more information about the profession, and some experience in this field, some students give up on professional self mismatch profession to their abilities, ideas about the opportunity to take a high position.

The mission of NArFU is to build and develop a competitive specialist, who understands the most useful of the entire national, European and the world educational systems, and created and established on the basis of NArFU centers of the innovation, Arctic technology will attract to the North and other highly skilled professionals.

Russia connects its future with the Arctic and its resources. The Arctic needs professionals to work on the Northern Sea Route, who know a lot about the Arctic tourism, understanding the arctic logistics, especially the implementation of the engineering solutions. There are many professions that could strengthen Russia's national interests in the Arctic region and in the international arena [8]. As a result, the study ‘Student NArFU: vector of changes’ we came to the question ‘Do you think that your profession is useful for the development of the Arctic?’. We have the following result. The answer ‘I think that is useful’ was chosen students of the Institute of Oil and Gas (96.3 %), Institute of Informatics and Space Technology (40.9 %), the Institute of Engineering and Architecture (39.3 %). ‘I think that is not useful’ – Forestry Students (60 %), the Institute of Physical Culture, Sports and Health (53.3 %), the Institute of Natural Sciences and Biomedicine (53.3 %). This can be explained by the fact that the students of these institutions do not see the importance of their profession for the development of the Arctic resources. Also obvious are obvious distortions in the understanding of the mission and the vector of the NArFU, his PR. Even in the name of the university because it is not only about the Arctic, and the north, where demand for the engineers and the humanists of the various professions, including teachers, social scientists, managers, etc.

Thus, on the basis of our research, we got the following conclusions:

• >    the majority of the students (60 %) choose Institute admission alone, the others listen to the advice of parents, friends;

• >    For the students with technical and humanities education in the importance of the different aspects of their future careers. For the first important presence in the profession due to modern equipment and technology, for the latter is characterized by an interesting creative approach to work and the ability to fully realize their potential;

• >    professional presentation, based on which students take a decision on the choice of profession, cannot, in most cases, to provide a sound basis for its development and further specified in the course of the study;

• >    at the stage of the professional self-positioning the future of the Arctic only students who are studying in the institutions that are directly related to the development of the Arctic resources and territories.