Career guidance of modern teenagers: problem statement

Statement of the problem. There is a lot of information on the Internet about the professions of the future, about the professionally important qualities of a specialist of the future. Based on the main economic development trajectories of the Russian Federation and other states, thematic sites have been created with descriptions of professions (architect of ‘energy zero’ houses, controller of neural networks, developer of nanorobots) that will be in demand in 5, 10, or 15 years. At the same time, there are currently real shortages of specialists from existing sectors of the economy. Personnel shortage is one of the problems of modern society, which is discussed at different levels. This problem needs to be solved through working with teenagers, who in the coming years will have to decide on the choice of their professional development. It is necessary to take into account the psychology of modern teenagers, their professional inclinations and preferences, as well as how well they are oriented and informed about the sought-after professions of the future. The article actualizes the problem of the demand for specialists in the labor market at the present time, in the near future, and the choice of profession by adolescents, taking into account the development of the economy. The purpose of the article is to describe the key problems of career guidance. The research methodology was based on the Russian concepts of human development by L.S. Vygotsky, B.G. Ananyev, as well as the works of E.A. Klimov, N.S. Pryazhnikov, G.V. Rezapkina on the specifics of career guidance work. Research methods include: the method of identifying professionally oriented personality types by J. Holland, questionnaires on awareness of the professions of the future and the specifics of career guidance in educational institutions where teenagers study. The study involved 486 adolescents aged 12-15 years living in the city of Tomsk. Research results. The results obtained allow us to conclude that modern teenagers do not have information about the professions of the future. Creative professions (designer, photographer) related to communication are the most attractive for them. Moreover, among girls, the orientation towards the social and artistic type is more pronounced. Among the rejected professions, teenagers indicated the following professions: doctor, teacher, accountant, cleaner, janitor. In career guidance activities, testing, excursions to enterprises, discussions with invited specialists about their success stories are used, and during career guidance events lesser attention is paid to the issues of the profession’s demand in the labor market in the region.