Forecasting the development of cancer of prostate. Multidisciplinary approach

Differential diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an urgent and complex problem of outpatient urology. The evaluation of the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is considered by many urologists as the "gold" standard for screening PCa. However, it is not always possible to establish the diagnosis of prostate cancer reliably, which often leads to hyperdiagnosis and an increase in the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 122 patients who were on the screening for prostate cancer. All patients were divided into two groups: the main group - 59 (48.3%) men with verified PCa and control group - 63 (51.7%) patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). First, we conducted a comparative analysis of many factors: age, weight, bad habits, testosterone level, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, concomitant pathology, blood group, Rh factor, digital rectal examination, ultrasound results of the prostate. Further, using the general models of discriminant analysis, we identified the five most significant risk factors for prostate cancer. Finally, we made a statistical calculation of the prognosis for the development of PCa with the help of binary logistic regression. Clinical results of the study were histologically confirmed by morphological study. According to the indications, we performed biopsy of the prostate, followed by a study of micro-preparations.