The programme of a party as a showcase of the society of the future (through the analysis of programmes of German and Russian social-democracy at the end of the XIX-th - the beginning of the XX-th centuries)

The article discusses the evolution of the fundamental attitudes of ideological adherents standing on common Marxist positions to the society of the future and the reflection of this evolution in party programmes; the dependence of these attitudes to the level of the development of capitalism, to the political regime in the country, to the maturity of the society and of its mentality, to the aspirations of the governing class, to the current balance of political forces, to political traditions, to methods of political struggle, to the commitment to democratic values, etc.