Origin of Sus scrofa domestica genome in microevolutional process during creation of new breeds

The rockforming of domestic swine is considered as microevolutional process, exceptional importance conditions of which (hybridization, breeding and domestication) ensure the enrichment and progressive development of genome. The data on genome hybridization of Asiatic and European origin during creation of modem swine breeds was presented. The comparative analysis of genotypic structure was made in more than 60 wild, indigenous and local swine populations including factory breeds. A microevolution of 36 subchromosomal elements of five identified chromosomes was investigated. The authors determined a genesis of marker suballeles of Asian and European origin in the most productive European and Asian swine breeds. It was shown that all studied molecular markers identified in S. s. domestica have the origin only from known subspecies European hogs and hogs from South-Eastem Asia. All revealed new chromosomal elements are compound structures associate with increased pre- and postnatal viability. The heterozygosis of S. s. domestica associates with heterogeneity of distant ancestors of domestic swine breeds as result of Euro-Asiatic genesis.