Importance of duplex stainless steels in the area of manufacturing

Stainless steels of the Duplex type (DSS) are becoming increasingly popular in the industrial world as they offer superior mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, when compared to those of austenitic stainless steels. Additionally, DSSs are found to be highly cost-effective com-pared to the alternatives. Due to the concentrated chemical composition of duplex stainless steel, both leaner and richer grades are available according to applications and requirements. There are a number of factors which contribute significantly to the robustness of DSS, including its high yield strength, chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC), and pitting corrosion. There are also challenges associated with DSS, such as the phase formation that occurs during the manufactur-ing process of the alloyed DSS that results in the steel cracking and formability issues. This pa-per summarizes the chemical composition and properties of the DSS. Furthermore, there is a brief review of the machining and welding processes involved in DSS fabrication. Additionally, the study gives an insight into the applications and the recent developments of DSS. Further-more, it will also identify and present the research gaps associated with both the duplex stainless steel and its challenges.