Variety specificity of morphogenesis in the culture of apical meristes of grapes adapted in the south of Krasnoyarsk region

The aim of the research was to study varietal specificity in the shoot apical meristems culture of four grape sorts, adapted in the south of Krasnoyarsk Region. The tasks of the research included introduction of the culture of apical meristems and exploring the growth and development of explants at different stages of micropropagation (meristems survival; the number, length and growth dynamics of sterile shoots; the number and dynamics of the formation of nodes on the shoot; multiplication factor). Table grape sorts Pamyati Dombkovskoy, Aleshenkin, Yubiley Novocherkasska, Amirkhan were the objects of the study. Sterile cuttings with nodes were obtained by cultivation in vitro of apical meristems taken from axillary buds and were propagated by microcutting. The cultivation was performed on solid Murasige-Skuga nutrition media (MS), optimized for grape cultures at photoperiod 16/8 and the temperature 22-24 degrees Centigrade for 30 days exposition. The viability of meristems during initiation made 27.7 %. The explants of Pamyati Dombkovskoy formed the longest shoots - 30 mm. During propagation the explants of Amrikhan formed calluses and explants of other sorts formed normal shoots. By the end of the passage the shoots length made 15.79 mm in Pamyati Dombkovskoy, 12.06 mm in Aleshenkin, 10.29 mm in Yubiley Novocherkasska. Aleshenkin explants most often formed two or more shoots from one node in (56 % of the cases). Propagation factor made 58.5 % for Aleshenkin, 37 % for PamyatiDombkovskoy, 34.3 % for Yubiley Novocherkasska. Univariate analysis of variance revealed the varietyspecificity of the studied parameters. The data will serve as the basis for further research on improving microclonal propagation technology of grape varieties adapted in the Krasnoyarsk Region, which is of undoubted value for the development of viticulture in Siberia.