Industrial poultry farming in Russia: trends, problems and prospects for innovative development

Poultry farming is the most science-intensive and dynamically developing branch of global and domestic animal husbandry, providing population with physically and economically accessible products containing biologically complete protein of animal origin. In 2023, egg production in all categories of farms in the Russian Federation amounted to 46.7 billion pieces, which is 4.0% more than in 2021. 319 pieces of eggs were produced per capita. Egg consumption per capita increased from 265 pieces in 2010 to 288 pieces in 2023 (the consumption standard of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation is 260 pieces). In 2023, farms of all categories produced 5.3 million tons of poultry meat (in slaughter weight), which is 4.3% more than in 2021. Сonsumption of poultry meat per capita increased from 24.7 kg in 2010 to 35.0 kg in 2023, which is still 12.5% lower than the recommended rational norm of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (40 kg). Poultry meat exports increased from 305 thousand tons in 2021 to 362.9 thousand tons in 2023, which was 59% of all livestock and poultry meat exports. The increased sanctions pressure from unfriendly countries in 2022-2024 created additional risks to those already existing risks in the industry. First of all, it concerns the risks of physical and economic availability of material resources (breeding material, veterinary drugs, vaccines, feed additives, equipment, spare parts, packaging materials). Taking into account the factors of the external and internal environment that influence the development of the poultry industry, based on the economic analysis of the main trends in the development of global and domestic poultry farming, priority areas for the scientific and technological development of the industry in modern economic and geopolitical conditions have been developed, the implementation of which will improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the poultry product subcomplex.