Industrial wastes in the form of distillery stillage and prospects of its use in agriculture as an organic fertilizer

The influence of distillery stillage doses on the yield of wheatgrass hay on both southern chernozem and on fine solonetz and on agrochemical properties of soils in general is considered in the article. The most effective dose of distillery stillage under existing conditions is revealed. Nitrogen is the decisive factor for the yield of the crops. Widespread deficiency of nitrogen represents scientific and practical interest for the agro- chemistry studying transformation of nitrogen in soil-fertilizer-plant system for the purpose of increase in efficiency of crops quality in the biological relation. Increase in the main production of distilleries and conse- quently in waste products of the spirit industry, low demand from cattle breeders on the distillery stillage (feeding of cattle with distillery stillage is precisely connected with seasons, i.e. it is fed, mainly, during the stall period) has led to the fact that nearly 50 % of it could not be sold. Development and deployment of new waste-free technologies of production of alcohol will demand a lot of time and expenses, and the unused stil- lage comes to ponds stores daily which are gradually overflowed that endangers the ecological condition of croplands and open reservoirs, adjacent to distilleries. Moreover, long storage in ponds leads it to spoiling, stratification and formation of a ground deposit. Therefore the problem of stillage utilization is very actual now and demands an integrated approach to its consideration as it has to be considered in the economic point of view, and from compliance to requirements of the nature protection legislation. One of the solutions of the problem stillage utilization is its application in agriculture as fertilizer.