Psychological features of character and cognitive abilities of teenagers-pupils of orphanages

Drawing up a socio-psychological portrait of children at the orphanage is necessary to understand the mechanisms of formation of their independence as a basic quality of personality. The conditions of the organization of life of orphans are presented. It is concluded that according to the data of psychological, pedagogical and sociological research, there is a General and psychological maladjustment of children deprived of parental care, which is primarily manifested in the absence of their independence, a tendency to react negatively to others, antisocial behavior, lack of skills of modern daily life. Orphanhood not only has a destructive effect on the child’s connections with the world of adults and peers, and causes a violation of physical, mental and social nature, which, in turn, affect the cognitive abilities of orphans who are brought up in closed institutions.