Rational import substitution in the machine-tool industry of Russia

Import substitution in the Russian machine tool industry is a key task, given the current situation in the industry and the geopolitical situation in the international arena. Based on the generalization and systematization of the accumulated experience of theoretical and practical research, the article introduces the concept of rational import substitution and gives its multilevel definition. Based on the results of studying world experience, the characteristics of classical import substitution models are presented. Next, the authors analyzed the state of the machine tool industry in Russia and its import dependence. As a result, it is proposed to move to the concept of rational import substitution in machine tool industry and formulate its basic principles. To assess the effectiveness, two variants of the “rules of rational import substitution” are proposed, which can be used at the macro, meso and micro levels. The results obtained can be useful in the framework of improving the implemented import substitution policy in the Russian machine tool industry.