Rational nutrition as a component of a healthy lifestyle

Rational nutrition ensures the normal course of the processes of growth and development of a body, metabolic processes, maintaining health and is a basic component of a healthy lifestyle. Understanding the physiological characteristics of human metabolism makes it possible to organize rational nutrition depending on gender and age characteristics, physical activity and lifestyle of a person. The article deals with the basics of human bioenergetics (metabolism, energy exchange in a body, basic and general metabolism); the basics of rational nutrition, which includes protein, carbohydrate, fat, water, mineral metabolism, the participation of vitamins in metabolism; the principles of balanced nutrition; the main factors contributing to increase in body mass; body weight control using body mass index.