Prevalence of risk factors and morphofunctional parameters of cardiovascular system in adolescents with different arterial pressure levels

Questioning the parents of 1578 lyceum/secondary school students and an in-depth study (clinical examination including anthropometry, arterial pressure (AP) measurement, evaluation of physical development by using percentage tables, electrocardiography, echocardiography (EchoCG), veloergometry (VEM) of 162 adolescents have been carried out in Kemerovo. The study has revealed a wide prevalence of modified factors of risks of cardiovascular diseases among adolescents: improper feeding (60% of families) with dominance of adipose and carbohydrate components, passive smoking, hypodynamia (over 70% of adolescents), alcohol abuse (67%), smoking (40%). Adolescents with arterial hypertension (AHT) have significantly higher average values of Ketle's index as compared to those with a normal level of AP. Adolescents with a normally high arterial pressure (NHAP) and AHT have a more frequently occurring sympathetic tone of the autonomous nervous system, a significant change in hemodynamic variables with the prevalence of a hyperkinetic type and a decrease in the share of a hypokinetic type of hemodynamics. Also noted are some features of hemodynamic support for physical load depending on sex and AP level.