Differences in the structure and prevalence of oral mucosal diseases among different age categories

Oral mucosal diseases represent a significant problem in the field of dentistry and public health, as they can have a serious impact on patients' quality of life and overall health. In the context of globalization and changes in lifestyle, understanding the differences in the structure and prevalence of these diseases among various age categories becomes particularly important. In Kyrgyzstan, where socio-economic conditions and access to medical services can vary significantly, studying these aspects allows us to identify key factors affecting the oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to examine the frequency of oral mucosal diseases and associated somatic pathology, considering the age characteristics of patients. The initial examination of patients to identify oral mucosal lesions was conducted at the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Osh Interregional United Clinical Hospital and the Osh Interregional Dental Center in the city of Osh. The study included 272 patients aged 18 to 75 years, among whom 127 (46.6%) were men and 145 (53.4%) were women. A comparison of the age groups 18-25 years and 26-44 years revealed that clinical manifestations of oral mucosal diseases were observed in 37.7% of patients in the younger age group, whereas in the 26-44 age group, this figure reached 50.6%. In the 45-59 age group, it was 56.9%, while in the 60-74 age group, it was 47.5%, indicating statistically significant differences between the groups. An analysis of somatic diseases showed that in the 18-25 age group, digestive system diseases were the most common. In the 26-44 age group, chronic recurrent herpetic stomatitis was more frequently observed. In the 45-59 and 60-74 age groups, cardiovascular diseases predominated.