Diversity of microbial communities in shallow water and coastal ecosystems of lake Baikal in the summer period of 2021-2022

The article reviews the structure of the microbial community in shallow coastal areas that is closely related to environmental conditions and hydrochemical parameters, and it rapidly transforms in response to negative changes in the ecological state of water bodies, determined by hydrological fluctuations. We have studied the taxonomic structure of microbial communities in the water of shallow coastal areas of Lake Baikal during periods of increased water levels. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, and Deinococcota dominated, accounting for 98.55 to 99.46 % of the total microbial diversity. Significant similarities in the taxonomic composition of microbial communities in the water of shallow coastal areas of Lake Baikal were found in certain summer months of 2021-2022. Similar microbial communities were formed in June 2021/22; in July 2022 at the Enkhaluk and Sukhaya sites; and in August 2022 at the Goryachinsk and Sukhaya sites.