The development of cities and agglomeration processes in modern Russia. Using the Russian urban experience for the development of Kyrgyzstan

The article examines the main features of urban development and urbanization processes in modern Russia. Among the most important factors of urban development in modern Russia, the following have been identified: the ongoing processes of migration of rural residents and residents of small towns to large cities with a more developed post-industrial economy, agglomeration processes in the largest cities of Russia, the engine of which is the processes of concentration and diversity. Among the most important features of urbanization in Russia, the following were highlighted: a relatively small number of cities (just over 1000) by the standards of other large countries, a relatively high proportion of the urban population living in million-plus cities, the hypertrophied role of the Moscow metropolitan agglomeration, which suppresses the pace of development of other large cities. It was revealed that Moscow, concentrating about 8% of the Russian population, creates over 20% of the country's GDP and concentrates more than 20% of all direct investments in the Russian economy. Among the most important reasons for Moscow's hypertrophied role in the Russian economy were identified: over-concentration of the country's management system, "rent of the capital's status of the capital", over-concentration of civil servants with high-paying jobs and the presence of headquarters of the vast majority of Russia's largest companies in Moscow. The author, having conducted a study, came to the conclusion that it is important to use the modern world and Russian experience of urban municipal policy in a post-Soviet republic such as Kyrgyzstan, in which the problems of modern urban planning, agglomeration development and "false urbanization" are particularly acute.