Development of International Cooperation in the Scientific and Technical Field of Aviation Technology

The article examines the development of international cooperation in the scientific and technological domain of civil aircraft manufacturing. The global nature of the modern aviation industry necessitates the integration of efforts among companies and governments: virtually every commercial aircraft today is developed and produced through international collaboration. The study analyzes the key forms and mechanisms of such cooperation, including transnational consortia, joint ventures, global supply chains, and intergovernmental agreements related to certification and intellectual property protection. Particular attention is given to the regional differences in cooperation models across Europe, North America, China, and Russia. Using case studies such as Airbus, Boeing, COMAC, SSJ100, and MC21, the article highlights the benefits of international cooperation ‒ cost reduction, access to advanced technologies, and accelerated innovation ‒ as well as vulnerabilities, including dependence on external supplies and political risks. The impact of sanctions on the Russian aviation industry is examined, showing how they have led to a shift towards import substitution and diversification of international partnerships. The study offers a comparative analysis of countries’ integration into global value chains and emphasizes the role of the geopolitical environment in shaping the resilience of international aerospace projects. The article concludes that full technological autarky in civil aviation is economically unfeasible and leads to a loss of product competitiveness. Nonetheless, the importance of developing domestic capabilities in strategically critical areas is underscored. The research is based on industry statistics, realworld project examples, and official sources, providing both theoretical insight and practical relevance for experts in international economics and aerospace engineering.