Development of the periodical press of Mordovia in the end of the XX - the beginning of the XXI century

Introduction. Historically the media occupy an important place in the life of society, shaping a person's worldview and public opinion, they are one of the possible channels of communication between the authorities and the people. One of the types of print media is the periodical press. At the turn of the millennium, serious changes took place in Russia: a new model of the economy was being built up, political culture was changing, and the formation of a democratic and civil society was beginning. As a result, there was a sharp increase in the number of newspapers and magazines. The periodical press of Russia has changed not only quantitatively, but also qualitatively. The purpose of the article is to study the formation of the printed media of Mordovia in the first post-Soviet decade. Methods. Methods were applied such as comparative-historical, systemic, problem-chronological. For example, to track the changes that occurred during the period under investigation in the periodical press of Mordovia, the comparative method allowed. Consideration of the evolution of the means of printing is impossible without taking into account the socio-economic situation in the region, for which the system method was used. The main trends in the development of the printed media in Mordovia at certain stages of the period under study made it possible to reveal the problem-chronological method. Results and discussion. The spectrum of periodicals is revealed, the specificity of the most popular newspapers of Mordovia is revealed. It was concluded that the changes that occurred in the post-Soviet period in printed periodicals were not only quantitative but also qualitative. After the cancellation of media censorship, journalists were able to work freely and independently, raise previously closed topics, but at the same time there were some difficulties (“chernukha”), which eventually managed to overcome. The most popular were the independent social and political newspapers “Vecherniy Saransk” and “Stolitsa C”, which focused on the coverage of events taking place in Mordovia. The official publication of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Mordovia was the newspaper “Izvestia Mordovia”. The national press is developing: the newspapers “Erzyan Pravda”, “Mokshen Pravda”, and “Tatarskaya Gazeta”. In connection with the renunciation of the monopoly of the atheistic worldview, confessional publications appeared in Mordovia. Also there were publications of a gender orientation - the newspaper “Sudarynya”. At the end of XX century there appeared regional youth magazines (“Strannik” (“The Wanderer”)). In addition to social and political publications, scientific journals have been published at universities and research institutes of Mordovia. Conclusion. Thus, at the turn of the millennium the periodical press of Mordovia, despite a number of tests, developed. There were various printed publications: business, information-commercial, religious, literary and artistic, and many others. It is worth noting that the changes were not only quantitative, but also qualitative. After the cancellation of media censorship, journalists were able to work freely and independently, raise previously closed topics, but at the same time there were some difficulties (“chernukha”), which eventually managed to overcome. One of the new all-Russian tendencies of the late 20th and early 21st centuries was the appearance on the pages of newspapers and magazines of various advertisements, which became an integral part of the republican press. As a result, it can be noted that the periodicals of Mordovia successfully compete with federal publications, and, therefore, are in demand by the residents of the republic.