Reconstruction of the economy and annual subsistent cycle of the first farmers in Primorye (based on the Krounovka 1 settlement assemblage)

The Atlantic period ends with a climate cooling, which initiated the movements of early farmers looking for stable agroclimatic resources. During this process, a group of farmers settled in the continental regions of southwestern Primorye. Here they formed a subsistent system that included the cultivation of two spices of millet, gathering wild plants and river mollusks, hunting and, probably, fishing. The article attempts to reconstruct the annual subsistent cycle of the first farmers in Primorye. A comprehensive analysis of sources on geomorphology, archeology, biology, ecology, and ethnography was carried out. As a result, the seasonal distribution of economic activity types was reconstructed. Also, were analyzed the characteristics of resources, by which it is possible to assess their importance in the overall subsistent system. The first farmers chose to settle in an area with the best land for cultivation. Farming was a system-forming component and played a stabilizing role in the subsistent system in these conditions.