Research activities in preschool children

Great attention is paid to the pre-school education system in our country. On the initiative of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M.Mirziyoev, in accordance with the Decree 5198 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated September 30 2017 "On measures to radically improve the management of the preschool education system" The Ministry of Education was established. Therefore, there is a need to radically reform the system of preschool education in order to improve the software and teaching aids in the system on the basis of international best practices. And in recent years, radical changes have taken place in the preschool education system. Public and non-governmental pre-school education institutions have been reconstructed, and the existing ones have been reconstructed to meet today's requirements. Pedagogical processes and educational environment in preschool education institutions have been radically renewed. In order to involve children in the educational environment in preschool education, it is important to use a variety of educational technologies, unusual didactic games, various incentive methods. To do this, the teacher must be able to develop and implement various experimental projects. In fact, preschool children experience experimentation, research work is like formal and scientific things, isn’t it? But the word hides its name as one of the ways to accomplish tasks in the development and teaching of preschool children. The research activity consists of the collaborative work of the educator, parents and children to study some of the issues.

The purpose and objective of the study is to help children develop independent thinking, decision making, search for answers, planning, anticipating the outcome, and learning to interact with other people. Preschoolers cannot develop research projects on their own. Developed in collaboration with educators in kindergarten. Typically, this type of activity is purely educational in nature, as can be seen from the fact that the project can be used to learn, gain knowledge, and enrich life experience. This method is progressive and effective for today's children. The expected results are explained as follows.

> Expanding and enriching children’s knowledge about the topic of experimentation and seasonal changes in nature.

> In the process of practical training with the educator, children's interest in knowledge is formed.

> The formation of children's monologue, dialogic, and coherent speech is enriched with epithets, new words and phrases.

> Forming children's artistic abilities during creative activities with adults.

> Use of new winter games and play fun by children to develop their ability to use them in independent play activities.

> Learn by heart the poems about the topic.

> Involving parents in the creative process of working with children is to increase their interest in collaborating with the kindergarten.

Research activities in preschool children can be carried out in several areas, mainly in all groups of children of this age, depending on their age and individual characteristics. Based on this, it is necessary to develop research that is suitable for preschoolers. On-site research is developed in accordance with the centers of activity and experimental work is carried out with the educator and children.

For example, the Language and Speech Center can provide information and research on "Vitamin Products" for children. At the beginning of this study it is necessary to acquaint children with vitamin products, to acquaint the child's body with the benefits of this product. The research can then be done in video format using ICT. This study should be tailored to a group of older and preparatory children. The aim of this study is to understand the importance of fruits for the normal growth of a child's body, to develop children's ability to work in a team and cognitive interests.

At the Center for Science and Nature, small and effective experimental tests will be conducted on the basis of the planned topic. For example, the experience of creating a rainbow through water and glass is done together with the children. As a result, students will learn that the rainbow is a natural phenomenon and when it is formed, the seasons, natural phenomena.

On the basis of the planned projects in the center of construction and mathematics will be carried out small-scale research with the help of constructors (lego, cubes, geometric shapes). The child develops ideas about space and time, about constructive projects (bridges, cars, cities).

In order to develop children's artistic and creative abilities in the art center, it is advisable to carry out winter drawings, applications and clay works. The expected result is the development of children's aesthetic perception, color perception, technical skills in drawing, modeling, application. To teach children to draw a picture of winter in different techniques, to use different materials. Clay work, on the other hand, involves the proper and efficient handling of work using a variety of methods and materials. It is also intended to stimulate independent creativity and imagination by learning songs about winter and performing dances for the holidays through music lessons. Of course, the results will be as effective as we expected.

Research work in preschool children is an excursion aimed at studying the problems related to the surrounding nature and social life. This can be learned in a number of ways.

The method of storytelling is that in developing it, children verbally express their impressions and feelings. learn to deliver in writing. Professor Collie enumerated the forms of vocal (song), art (painting), music.

The constructive method is aimed at creating a certain useful product: a bird house, breakfast for children, flower beds. By the end of the twentieth century, new types of experimental projects had been developed. Professor E.Polat described the experimental projects for the kindergarten in accordance with the typological features. According to this description, participants focused on the number, the dominant method, the relational and coordination method, and the duration of the experiment.

The dominant method- research is focused on creatively productive and adventurous practice. By the nature of the content: the child and his family, the child and nature, the world created by the child and man, the child and society reflect its cultural values. By the nature of the participants, it was cited to be implemented jointly with a single participant.

At present, in relation to the revision of priority forms and methods of teaching in preschool education, it is precisely in children that methods that develop skills for the initial forms of generalization, summarization and abstraction prevail. And this method is called experiment. Another aspect is that independent study, its features, the recognition of something that the child has not previously thought or guessed, is not yet within its power. The task of adults is to help children form an active desire to experiment in the child, to create optimal conditions for the development of children's creative, independent and joint activities through various experimental, artistic activities.