The environmental testing role as a decisive factor in evaluating new spring soft wheat variety Aist 45

The purpose of research is to evaluate a new variety of spring soft wheat Aist 45 based on data from the analysis of yield, plasticity, grain quality, disease resistance for widespread introduction into production and use as a starting material in breeding. The object of the study is a new variety of spring soft wheat Aist 45. The predecessor is fallow, provocative backgrounds were additionally used: sowing on stubble and late sowing (the first ten days of June). The sowing date is the end of the 2nd and 3rd decades of May. Assessments of resistance to diseases on artificial backgrounds were carried out at the All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Kenya under the KASIB program. Tests for economic usefulness - in the system of state variety testing. Observations and evaluations - in accordance with the Methodology of the state variety testing. The studies were carried out at the Kurgan Research Institute of Agriculture, a branch of the FGBNU Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A test of the Aist 45 variety in breeding nurseries (2011-2021) showed an excess of yield over the mid-season and mid-late standards by 4.4 and 2.8 q/ha. In an ecological test of 52 varieties in 16 points of Russia and Kazakhstan (KASIB, 2017-2018), Aist 45 had a high yield rating, according to the results of technological analysis, the protein content was 15.7-16.3 %, gluten in grain was 31.6-32.4 %. The variety is classified as a valuable wheat. When assessed for resistance to leaf rust against an artificial background in the seedling phase in the studies of the All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection and All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, the variety Aist 45 was assigned to the resistant type. Against the infectious background of the Research Institute of Biological Safety Problems of South Kazakhstan, the variety showed resistance to septoria and pyrenophorosis. It is susceptible to dust smut. The variety is able to form a stable crop in stressful drought conditions and with epiphytotic development of brown and stem rust. This makes it promising for use both in production and as a starting material in breeding.