Characteristics of students' resilience: integration of theories and new theoretical perspectives

The article analyzes the characteristics of students' resilience in the context of modern educational challenges. Based on a comparison of Salvatore Maddi's hardiness theory, Stephen Hobfoll's conservation of resources theory, and Richard Lazarus's coping concept, an integrative model is put forward that takes into account resource dynamics and cognitive-behavioral aspects. A new theoretical position is the phase model of resilience, linking the stages of academic adaptation with dominant resources. The article substantiates the need for personalized programs for developing resilience in students.