The role of the North Caucasus landlords’ estates in the development of the region in the late 18th - the first half of the 19th centuries

The study analyzed the role of the North Caucasus landlords’ estates in the development of the region in the late 18th - the first half of the 19th centuries. The lands in the North Caucasus were distributed to the nobility from Central Russia, the officers of the Separate Caucasian Corps, the representatives of the Armenian, Georgian, and mountain nobility, and the higher stratum of the Cossacks. The distribution of land (estates) to the nobility was one of the development areas in the North Caucasus region. Despite their small number, landlords’ estates played a significant role in certain high-value economic sectors that required high proficiency and large financial investments, in particular, in horse breeding. Landlords’ estates served as suppliers of horses for the Separate Caucasus Corps. Winemaking was another high-value sector of landlord farms. Large estates differed from the others in both the scale of economic production and the rational economic management approach.