The role of the development of the livestock industry in ensuring food security

Sustainable and efficient development of the livestock industry, including cattle breeding, is the most important factor for ensuring food security in the regions of the Russian Federation. For the development of the Orel region economy, cattle breeding is also an important industry: it produces high-quality protein products for the population, provides the processing industry with raw materials, solves social problems by creating jobs and generating income for the population. Ill-considered agro-industrial complex reforms in 1990 led to a reduction in the number of cattle, including cows, and a decrease in the level of meat and milk production in the region. In this regard, there is an objective need to conduct scientific research on the identified issues. With the help of general scientific and economic-statistical research methods, the authors carried out an evaluation monitoring of the state and development of the livestock industry in the Orel region. The dynamics of the content and structure of the cattle population by categories of farms, animal productivity, volumes of livestock production was studied. The structure of the retail price of milk and dairy products is analyzed. To create economic conditions for the sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding, the Government of the Orel region sets tasks, takes effective measures to increase milk production by raising the number of cows in all the categories of farms, increasing the genetic potential of dairy productivity of cattle, improving the forage base (the volume of feed production for a conditional head - up to 50 cent. per unit). The Orel region has all the necessary resources for the development of dairy and beef cattle breeding. The technologies for intensive development of the industry were tested in the region, new forms and methods of organizing production are mastered and innovative technologies are introduced.