The role of zemstvo and urban reform of 1864-1870 in organization of accessible school education

The most important role in the development of local self-government belonged to the zemstvo and urban reforms which launched "national education". Statutory documents of educational institutions, which were actively adopted in the second half of the XX century, included a number of issues related to the activities of local self-governments in the field of education. In early XX century, due to increased requirements to schools, the leading type of zemstvo elementary school in Russia became a four-year school with two or more teachers. Zemstvo institutions played a significant role; they became organizers and coordinators of school construction. Thus, in Moscow province the new delegates of the province Zemstvo Assembly (1906) and uyezd (district) assemblies started their work with introduction of a number of progressive ideas and initiatives. Moscow Zemstvo at that time implemented intensive activity enhancing the development of public education without oppositional demands, with the support of the government. It can be stated that since 1908 the government, seeing the loyalty of Zemstvo, entrusted it with the task of organizing the overall public education and allocated loans for this purpose.