Russia in Global Energy: Between Traditional Resources and New Strategies

The article analyzes Russia’s dual strategy in the global energy sector, combining traditional hydro-carbon projects with new directions in the “green” energy sector. The focus is on cooperation with Nigeria in the oil and gas sector, where Russian companies (LUKOIL, Gazprom) offer technologies for complex fields, compensating for the departure of Western players. Despite the infrastructural and regulatory risks, Nigeria is seen as a promising partner for expanding Russia’s influence in Africa. At the same time, the transition to low-carbon initiatives is being explored: cooperation with China and the Middle East in hydrogen, solar and nuclear energy. Key projects include the construction of the El Dabaa nuclear power plant in Egypt, wind farms with Chinese equipment, and joint funds with the Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF). Despite the modest share of renewable energy sources (RES) in Russia’s energy mix, partnership with the leaders of the “green” transition (China, UAE) opens up access to technologies and markets. The article emphasizes that combining resource potential and innovative strategies allows Russia to adapt to global challenges while maintaining its role as a key player in the changing energy landscape. Success depends on the harmonization of the interests of business, government and international cooperation.