Russian policy towards Mongolia at the beginning of the 20th century

The article is devoted to the Russian policy in relation to Mongolia in the early 20th century. The author focuses on the dynamic period in the world history, when in conditions of global transformational processes a new state of Mongolia had been created. New Mongolia comes through a long period of foundation from national liberation movement to international recognition. The new state passed this way with the help of the Russian Empire. The latter was interested in a free and independent Mongolia as a kind of buffer in the East Asian space and a profitable trade and economic partner. Russia contributed to the creation of the economy, financial institutions and economic entities in its territory, focused on the export of basic goods, helped to organize the sale of products. Based on sources and research papers, the article shows the main directions of Russian participation in the fate of Mongolia in the early 20th century.