Russian complex of Ananyino I of the 17th-18th centuries from the Tara Irtysh region: discoveries and unique finds in the field season of 2019

Rural settlements founded during the period of the Russian settlement in Siberia have been rarely studied by archaeologists. The notable exception is a territory near the town of Tara (founded in 1594), where the Russian village of Ananyino, founded in the 17th century has been excavated for many years. In 2019, one dwelling of sophisticated structure was unearthed. The dwelling was rebuilt twice from a log house to the house with the anteroom, and then to the double log house with two parts connected by the anteroom. The latter type of dwelling is typical for the majority of the Russian settlements in Siberia of the 17th-18th centuries. The filling of the dwelling contained a large number of inventory and pottery, including intact vessels. Collection of beads, flintstones, knives, sinkers, fishing hooks, details of leather shoes, copper baptismal crosses, etc. was found under the floorboards of the dwelling. The unique finds were the middle part of a wooden bow and iron padlock from a chest in the form of the dog. Wooden bow parts have been earlier discovered in the cultural layer of Mangazeya. Dog-like padlocks were made in Bolghar in the 10th-14th centuries. They were common and have been found in the layers of the 12th century in the Moscow Kremlin and Old Ryazan. An interesting discovery was a burial complex found in the area of the settlement. One adult burial and two children's burials have been explored. Five graves were studied in another excavation pit in the cemetery associated with the settlement. New evidence on the structure of the dwellings, spatial relationship of the settlement and burial complexes, as well as unique finds significantly enrich the information on the life of the Russian population of the village and its trade connections.