The self-understanding of ethno-cultural identity in different living conditions of ethnic groups

The article discusses the possibility of the subject-oriented approach to the study of the phenomenon of ethno-cultural identity. The author argues that different types of ethnic groups produce different features of personal life, which is determined by different living conditions of ethnic groups and, respectively, the challenges posed by the group to its members. The paper describes the specifics of life in a large ethnic group, a small integrated ethnic group, and diaspora; defines specificity of objective and subjective threats to ethnocultural identity in these groups; and describes possible responses of the representatives of the groups under consideration to these threats, which are manifested in the peculiarities of self-understanding of the ethno-cultural identity.