Un sanctions mechanisms and their impact on the sovereignty of states: legal and political contradictions

The article is devoted to the consideration of the UN sanctions mechanisms and the legal and political difficulties associated with them, arising from their impact on the sovereignty of states and the gradual blurring of the differences between multilateral and unilateral measures. It is noted that the increasing complexity of the sanctions practice, its noticeable politicization and the discrepancy between the formulated goals and the actual results make the study of this topic still in demand. The work uses official documents and UN sanctions lists, Security Council resolutions, reports from monitoring groups, as well as data from comparative and institutional analysis. The author reviewed the legal and political aspects of the application of UN sanctions, their impact on the sovereignty of states and the actual practice of sanctions regimes. The analysis showed that among the most noticeable problems are the limited effectiveness of sanctions, the influence of political factors on decisions made and insufficient transparency of procedures, which increases the gap between the intentions of sanctions measures and their actual impact. As possible solutions, it is proposed to expand the openness of procedures, strengthen monitoring and adapt sanctions tools to new international threats.