Score-level-based face anti-spoofing system using handcrafted and deep learned characteristics

Recognition performance of biometric systems is affected through spoofing attacks made by fake identities. The focus of this paper is on presenting a new scheme based on score level and decision level fusion to monitor individuals in term of real and fake. The proposed fake detection scheme involve consideration of both handcrafted and deep learned techniques on face images to differentiate real and fake individuals. In this approach, convolutional neural network (CNN) and overlapped histograms of local binary patterns (OVLBP) methods is used to extract facial features of images. The produced matching scores provided by CNN and OVLBP then combined to form a fused score vector. Finally, the last decision on real and attack images is done by combining decisions of hybrid scheme using majority vote of CNN, OVLBP and their fused vector. Experimental results on public spoof databases such as Print-Attack and Replay-Attack face databases demonstrate the strength of the proposed anti-spoofing method for fake detection.