Are secular humanism and transhumanism utopias of modern society?

The article analyzes the terms secular humanism and transhumanism, which are considered as utopian projects of the near and distant future. These forms of modern humanism have a number of commonalities. First, secular humanism and transhumanism are grounded in the idea that they are forms of “activist” humanism in opposition to the classical humanist legacy. Second, secular humanism and transhumanism emphasize the value of scientific knowledge, which is opposed to religion. Third, these forms of humanism contrast morality with religion, viewing the former as an instrument in achieving a humane society. However, there are different features between them: secular humanism focuses on the theoretical justification of new humanistic ideals and values, while transhumanism focuses on projects of technical improvement of the world and humans. The conclusion dwells upon the fact that the process of designing the future involves great responsibility related to the prospects of humanity’s existence in general, so it must be accompanied by a careful analysis of the possible consequences.