Breeding of winter wheat in Middle Volga

The examination results of the winter wheat varieties “Bezenchukskaya 380”, “Birusa”, “Basis” included in the Russian Federation National Registry of selective breeding results, and of the varieties “Vjuga” and “Novella” approved for use, which were handed over to the state test in 2016-2017 are presented. It is stated that during the experiment “Basis” variety produced maximum grain yield - 5, 61 t/ha being under drought conditions of mean intensity of the reproduction period of spring vegetational season heading stage with the hydrothermal coefficient - 0,38. Grain yield of “Basis” is 3,85 t/ha and graind yield of “Novella” is 3,90 t/ha under moderate drought conditions. It is 0, 80 t/ha and 0,85 t/ha more than grain yield of “Bezenchukskaya 380”. The maximum grain yield - 7,99 t/ha and 8,25 t/ha was obtained at the hydrothermal coefficient of the reproduction period of spring vegetational season - “Birusa” and “Vjuga” heading stage 2,6. Freezing tolerance of “Bezenchukskaya 380” is 83%. Freezing tolerance of “Basis” is 78%. Freezing tolerance of “Vjuga” is 85%. Freezing tolerance of “Novella” is 90%. Immunity to asphyxiation of “Bezenchukskaya 380” is 77%. Immunity to asphyxiation of “Basis” is 88%. Immunity to asphyxiation of “Vjuga” is 95%. Immunity to asphyxiation of “Novella” is 95%. “Vjuga” and “Novella” possess complex toleration against brown rust, powdery mildew and tan spot. “Bezenchukskaya 380”, “Basis” and “Birusa” produce grain yield due to the weight of one piece of wheat amd it is 1,7-1,8 gr. “Vjuga” and “Novella” produce grain yield due to yielding pieces of wheat per 1 m2 and it is 700-750. The standard variety has 400 yielding piece of wheat. The mass of one “Vjuga” piece of wheat is 1,3 gr. The mass of one “Novella” piece of wheat is 1.1 gr. Mass fraction of protein of “Bezenchukskaya 380” is 14.8%. Mass fraction of protein of “Birusa” is 14,1%. Mass fraction of protein of “Basis” is 13,8%. Mass fraction of protein of “Vjuga” is 15,5. Mass fraction of protein of “Novella” is 15%. The percentage of wet gluten is 32, 9; 31, 7; 30, 8; 36,8; 32,1 % correspondingly. Valometric evaluation of the varieties is 67-86. Bread volume is 691-913 ml. Bread rating is 4,1-4,7. The managemental-biological properties of winter wheat are the same as an intensive type variety: winter resistance is 85%-95%, harvesting capacity got in Middle Volga is 8,25 t/ha, grain yielding is 48%, amount of pieces of wheat per 1m2 is 750, the mass of one piece of wheat is 1,3 gr. The mass fraction of protein is 15,5%, The percentage of wet gluten is 36,8%, valometric evaluation 84 valorimeter units, falling number value is 401 s., bread volume got from 100 grams of flour is 821 ml, bread rating is 4,7. “Basis” variety is a variety of half-intensive type of forest steppe ecotype.