Synergetics as an Alternative Theory of the Civilizational Approach in Political Science

The study examines synergetics as one of the alternative theories of the civilizational approach in political sciences. The article shows that synergetics belongs to the civilizational approach and is positioned as a universal method of interdisciplinary social science research, which, however, needs to be verified by the methods accepted in the socio-humanitarian branches of scientific knowledge and to be consolidated with the existing social science theories studying similar objects and subjects. The study highlights the need to update certain concepts of the civilizational approach in relation to the problems of modern global political processes and international relations, which can be facilitated by synergetics due to its original methodological basis derived from the natural sciences. Particular attention is paid to elements of the theory of ethnogenesis, which are considered in this research in the scientific field of Russian cosmism. The specificity of these theories, characterized by their universality, interdisciplinarity, and potential as substrates for a general scientific approach, is investigated. They can be supplemented and expanded by an interdisciplinary method, such as the method of historiosophy, which is necessary for the theoretical definition of ethnosphere processes.