Syntactic theories of a simple sentence in modern linguistics

It is well known that a simple sentence is an elementary unit designed to convey information and possessing certain properties, which aid understanding of what is communicated and allows relating it to a certain time plan. It is a complex and multifaceted unit of language and speech, still not completely studied by scholars. The history of linguistics is filled with attempts to define a sentence in terms of logic, psychology, and grammar. In this article, the author considers a simple sentence as the central element of the grammatical concept of syntax, highlights the levels, aspects of the sentence and defines the sentence as a unit in which the unity of language and speech is objectively distinguishable.