System model of monitoring and diagnostics fire protection of aircraft powerplant

The problem of fire protection of aircraft, where the power plant is the most energy-intensive object, has existed for a long time and continues to be relevant in the present day due to the disastrous consequences of a fire on board. The article discusses the main elements of the fire protection system of the power plant as part of the aircraft. It describes the structural and logical model of the fire protection unit and the principle of operation of the pneumatic type fire detector, which are key elements of the safety system of the aircraft. It is proposed to carry out system modeling of the process of transition of a power plant from a normal state to a critical state - a fire, based on an analysis of the laws of conservation and transition of various types of energy during a fire. It is noted that the methods and models of the combustion processes of various materials, implemented in the form of application software packages, have been developed and are widely used. However, a necessary condition for the application of these packages is the formalization of the objective formulation of the problem and the setting of its initial conditions. A method for constructing the structure of a non-stationary model of a fire in a power plant compartment is given. An effective tool for testing the fire protection system is presented - a comprehensive monitoring and diagnostics bench, which allows simulating both processes of normal system operation and failure situations in a quasistatic mode. The results of the analysis of the processes obtained during testing of the fire protection system of a power plant on a complex semi-natural stand are presented. Among the advantages of using a semi-natural stand, the authors distinguish a significant reduction in the volume and cost of field tests of newly developed systems. The results of the work can be used to develop an on-board dynamic model of the spread of fire in the power plant compartment for a promising intelligent fire extinguishing system.